The Deficit Myth: Modern Monetary Theory and the Birth of the People's Economy
The Deficit Myth: Modern Monetary Theory and the Birth of the People's Economy book cover

The Deficit Myth: Modern Monetary Theory and the Birth of the People's Economy

Hardcover – Illustrated, June 9, 2020

Price
$16.59
Format
Hardcover
Pages
336
Publisher
PublicAffairs
Publication Date
ISBN-13
978-1541736184
Dimensions
6.6 x 1.35 x 9.7 inches
Weight
1.2 pounds

Description

"Kelton writes clearly and directly, and does well to keep the lay reader in mind throughout. This comprehensive, lucid explanation of a much-buzzed about economic theory will resonate with progressives."― Publishers Weekly "Stephanie Kelton is among the most prominent of the dozen or so economists associated with MMT. Her new book The Deficit Myth is intended to bring MMT to a broader audience. In addition to an impassioned call for a bigger, more active public sector, The Deficit Myth contains a number of distinct economic arguments."― The American Prospect "Clear and vigorously written book."― Foreign Affairs "She has succeeded in instigating a round of heretical questioning, essential for a post-Covid-19 world, where the pantheon of economic gods will have to be reconfigured."― The Guardian "Kelton and her colleagues have brought a great many non-economists into the economic conversation in a way that no other contemporary branch of heterodox economics has been able to....[Sh]e's dead right about a central political fact of our times: A large, active public sector is more needed today than ever, and unfounded fears of public debt are a big reason we haven't gotten it. Which means her eloquent, accessible book is performing an important public service."― The American Prospect "Kelton certainly offers food for thought at a time when governments are spending eye-watering sums to mitigate damage from the coronavirus pandemic."― Spear's Magazine "The big thing she gets right is in the way she structures her book around our current beliefs. In addressing our current understanding of how the world works - interpretations she identifies as myths - Kelton leads us step-by-step towards a new understanding of how federal spending works."― Inside Higher Education "Stephanie Kelton convincingly overturns the conventional wisdom that federal budget deficits are somehow bad for the nation. ...Kelton argues that our government's inability to provide for citizens isn't due to a lack for money; instead, our leaders lack political will."― Farhad Manjoo, The New York Times " The Deficit Myth is simply the most important book I've ever read. Stephanie Kelton carefully articulates a message that obliterates economic orthodoxy about public finance, which assumes that taxes precede spending and deficits are bad. Kelton's work is on a par with the genius of DaVinci and Copernicus, heretics who proved that Earth revolves around the sun."― David Cay Johnston, recipient of the Pulitzer Prize, an Investigative Reporters and Editors Inc. Medal, and the George Polk Award "A remarkable book both in content and timing. A 'must-read' that is sure to influence many aspects of policymaking going forward."― Mohamed El-Erian, chief economic advisor, Allianz "In a world of epic, overlapping crises, Stephanie Kelton is an indispensable source of moral clarity. Whether you're all in for MMT, or merely MMT-curious, the truths that she teaches about money, debt, and deficits give us the tools we desperately need to build a safe future for all. Read it--then put it to use."― Naomi Klein, author of On Fire: The Burning Case for a Green New Deal "Kelton's game-changing book on the myths around government deficits is both theoretically rigorous and empirically entertaining. It reminds us that money is not limited, only our imagination of what to do with it. After you read it you will never think of the public purse as a household economy again. Read it!"― Mariana Mazzucato, author of The Value of Everything: Making and Taking in the Global Economy " The Deficit Myth is a triumph. It is absorbing, compelling, and--most important of all--empowering. Embracing a well-researched framework that focuses on how real-world economies actually operate, she lays out a realistic path to true economic prosperity. It is an approach that focuses on Main Street and not Wall Street and will permit us to not only revitalize the struggling middle class, but address critical social problems like chronic unemployment, poverty, health care, and climate change. We of course face many binding constraints on our ability to act, but Kelton argues that the intentional underemployment of our own resources that results from the pervasive influence of deficit myths should not be one. We have needed this book for a very long time. Everyone should read it, and then reread it, before it is too late to change course."― John T. Harvey, professor of economics, Texas Christian University "Kelton's mission in this powerful book is to free us from defunct orthodox thinking about fiscal deficits rooted in the bygone era of the gold standard. Her theoretical canvas is modern monetary theory. At its core MMT offers a simple proposition: In a fiat currency world, the finances of we the people ain't the same as a summing up of our individual budget constraints, because we the people can't go broke, only deficit-spend our collective self into inflationary excesses. In the prevailing era of too-low inflation, the macro policy implication should be obvious: We the people presently have far more fiscal space than the deficit scold, pay-for crowd preaches. Kelton is a gifted writer and teacher and I confidently predict that The Deficit Myth , brilliantly written and argued, will become the defining book on what MMT is--and what it is not."― Paul Allen McCulley, retired managing director and chief economist, PIMCO, and senior fellow, Cornell University Law School "Clear! Compelling! Eye-opening and persuasive, The Deficit Myth is an adventure in the world of budgets, jobs, trade, banking and--above all--of money. With the great force of common sense, Stephanie Kelton and the MMT team have broken through the closed circles of so-called sound finance, a stale orthodoxy that has weakened and impoverished us all. This book shows how they did it, and it blazes a path forward, toward a better world built on better ideas."― James K. Galbraith, The University of Texas at Austin "A robust, well-reasoned, and highly readable walk through many common misunderstandings. A 'must-read' for anyone who wants to understand how government financing really works, and how it interplays with economic policy."― Frank Newman, former deputy secretary of the Treasury "[A]xa0provocative, engaging, and thoroughly readable new book on modern monetary theory, economic policy, and job creation...Kelton... does a masterful job of challenging conventional wisdom with new facts, trends and data.xa0 You may not end up agreeing with her, but Kelton most certainly will make you think."― Larry Gennari , Boston Business Journal “I really can’t recommend it (or time with the kids, for that matter) highly enough. It’s one of those books that seems counterintuitive until it suddenly clicks, after which it seems obvious. And if it’s broadly correct, which I think it is, then we have a much larger world of political possibility than we realize.”― Matt Reed, Inside Higher Ed Stephanie Kelton , professor of economics and public policy at the State University of New York at Stony Brook and Bloomberg contributing columnist, has been called a "prophetic economist" and a "rock star" of progressive economics. She is the founder and of the top-rated economic blog New Economic Perspectives , and a member of the TopWonks network of the nation's best thinkers. In 2016, Politico recognized her as one of the fifty people across the country most influencing the political debate.xa0Kelton was chief economist on the U.S. Senate Budget Committee (minority staff) and an advisor to Bernie Sanders's 2016 and 2020xa0presidential campaigns. Kelton is a regular commentator on national radio and television and speaks across the world at large gatherings of people interested in global finance, political economy and public policy. She has superb connections in all areas of print and broadcast national media. Her op-eds have appeared in The New York Times , The Washington Post , The Los Angeles Times and Bloomberg .

Features & Highlights

  • A
  • New York Times
  • Bestseller
  • The leading thinker and most visible public advocate of modern monetary theory -- the freshest and most important idea about economics in decades -- delivers a radically different, bold, new understanding for how to build a just and prosperous society.
  • Stephanie Kelton's brilliant exploration of modern monetary theory (MMT) dramatically changes our understanding of how we can best deal with crucial issues ranging from poverty and inequality to creating jobs, expanding health care coverage, climate change, and building resilient infrastructure. Any ambitious proposal, however, inevitably runs into the buzz saw of how to find the money to pay for it, rooted in myths about deficits that are hobbling us as a country. Kelton busts through the myths that prevent us from taking action: that the federal government should budget like a household, that deficits will harm the next generation, crowd out private investment, and undermine long-term growth, and that entitlements are propelling us toward a grave fiscal crisis. MMT, as Kelton shows, shifts the terrain from narrow budgetary questions to one of broader economic and social benefits. With its important new ways of understanding money, taxes, and the critical role of deficit spending, MMT redefines how to responsibly use our resources so that we can maximize our potential as a society. MMT gives us the power to imagine a new politics and a new economy and move from a narrative of scarcity to one of opportunity.

Customer Reviews

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Most Helpful Reviews

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Oooops!

Miss Kelton is obviously highly intelligent, and an excellent writer, which makes this book an easy read. Thus, the 3 star rating.

Unfortunately, like all MMT economists, Miss Kelton makes the mistake of equating currency issuance with the creation of money. In advanced modern-day economies, they are not one and the same. MMT economists further suggest that the governments of advanced modern-day economies create all the money that flows throughout an economy. They most definitely do not. While she clearly has a hard left political agenda, I don’t think she’s intentionally trying to mislead her readers; I believe she was simply taught something that isn’t so and then had it reinforced by being told the same by others. After well over a decade of working with people at all levels of economics and finance I’ve come to the realization that this misunderstanding of how money is created and propagated throughout an economy is so common that even a very large majority of professional economists, academics, strategists, and financiers believe it to be so.

Equating currency issuance with the creation of money describes a system that is over 2,000 years old, has not existed in developed markets for decades, and currently only exists in lesser developed emerging markets and frontier markets. Contrary to popular belief, Modern Monetary Theory is archaic.

It’s true that any government can print as much of its own currency as it wants in order to satisfy the obligations that are in its own currency. Contrary to what MMT economists seem to believe, I don’t think there are many economists of any kind who would disagree with this—it’s not some brilliant, new discovery. However, developed market governments today, including those with stable sovereign currencies, like the US, the UK, Canada, etc. don’t do it because it’s been tried over and over again for centuries and has always ended in financial and economic calamity.

Put simply, the money that flows through the US economy is created in the private banking system. Not by the Treasury, not by the Fed, and not through some secretive process developed by the Treasury and the Fed that occurs out of the public’s view. In fact, it’s almost certainly happened right before your very eyes. Specifically, when a bank makes a loan it simultaneously creates a deposit, and, voila, money has been created.

So, why can’t US banks just create as much money as they want into perpetuity? There are a number of reasons, including: 1.) banks have capital and liquidity restrictions imposed by the Federal Reserve that limit the amount of assets, including loans, that they can hold relative to their regulatory capital and 2.) markets impose natural restrictions during periods of relative calm because even though the bank creates the money, when someone defaults on their loan the bank still incurs a loss---a few too many losses eating into the bank’s capital and the bank will fail.

All of this said, what the Federal Reserve CAN do is lend money to the country’s private banks. HOWEVER, this only creates what are called “reserves” that are reflected on both the Fed’s and the private banks’ balance sheets. Importantly, these reserves cannot be loaned out by the private bank. So, while these newly created reserves are technically newly created money, they do not serve as money that will ever flow into the US economy. This is the same process by which the Fed purchases USTs or other fixed income securities. The Fed pays for the securities that they buy from the selling bank by creating an offsetting balance on the Fed’s balance sheet that pays a fixed rate of interest to the seller.

In attempt to prove to the reader that the Federal Reserve and Treasury DO create money out of thin air that eventually flows into the economy, Kelton points to an interview where Ben Bernanke says, in reference to the Fed’s assistance to private banks during the 2008/09 financial crisis, “It’s not taxpayer money. We simply use the computer to mark up the size of the account”. What Kelton doesn’t point out, or perhaps doesn’t realize, is that Bernanke was referring to the type of loan I just described above. She also quotes Alan Greenspan without noting that in the same statement he was warning that simply printing money out of thin air to fulfill obligations is risky and potentially inflationary.

The point to take from all this jibber jabber I’ve just written is that one should be very careful in drawing any conclusions from MMT economists’ explanations. Many, if not most, of their policy recommendations are based on theories and explanations that are entirely detached from economic, financial, political, and social realities. Keep in mind that one of their foundational premises, that all the money that flows throughout an advanced modern-day economy is created by the government, is simply untrue. The fact that they believe that MMT is an accurate description of how a modern-day monetary system works is troublesome. The fact that the policies prescribed by MMT economists have been tried time and again over a period of centuries and failed time and again over this period is a bit disturbing.

This is not to say that Miss Kelton’s book isn’t worth reading. Indeed, she certainly offers some interesting insights into financial and economic theory, it’s just that one has to tread very carefully lest they fall into the same trap of falsehoods that MMT economists have.

I could continue with the explanations of all the problems with MMT, but I’m tired of typing and my brain hurts, so I think I’ll stop here. Thanks for reading
644 people found this helpful
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An evisceration of ‘common sense’-based punditry

Unlike most public-facing econ books that quickly devolve into what amounts to “the whole field of econ is just like balancing your checkbook!”, Kelton’s book outlines why the public is disserved by these analogies, which give the public the wrong conception of how modern economies function. This, unfortunately, enables politicians who are able to relate to voters using the same “common sense” aphorisms, creating a feedback loop that aggravates modern economists and hamstrings the potential for economic growth. Kelton’s book uses analogy as well, it’s still aimed at the public, but it doesn’t sit back on throwaway one-liners hoping to ride the readers intuition to agreement. There are aspects of this book that are difficult to grapple with, but with great effort comes great reward.

There’s a lot of zingers floating around about this being a book about magical money trees, or that it ignores hyperinflationary events of the past — it does not. It’s a rethinking of what money is, how it’s used, and where it comes from. It does not ignore Zimbabwe or Weimar. Under this paradigm, money is not a store of value to the state — how could it be, when the state can create more on demand? Money functions as a tool for maximizing productivity by connecting idle labor with idle resources to create real economic growth. There are real constraints on spending, they’re just not what your common sense — nor what decades of misinformed politicians and pundits — have led you to believe.
213 people found this helpful
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Extremely Important Book

I have my undergraduate degree in economics, an MBA, and post-graduate work in Financial Planning.

Critics will say that this book argues deficits don't matter. That is a lie. The book argues that you can tell WHEN deficits matter by observing inflation.

The idea that our government is in any way shape or form like a household or a business is also a deliberate lie. It is designed to stop the government from doing things that nearly everyone wants, but the ruling class does not want. Alexander Hamilton understood this way back in 1789. Adam Smith understood also. You should read from them.

Money is just a way of keeping score and the idea that it is real and limited is BS. There is no limit to the number of points 2 teams can score on the basketball court. When needed, points are created out of nothing! The same is true for dollars.

The fact is every time there is a "real" emergency deficits cease to matter.
-- In WWI we left the gold standard (temporarily) and nothing bad happened. That spending actually set the stage for the tremendous growth of the roaring '20s.
-- In WWII we again left the gold standard and ran up record deficits. No problem.
-- In 2009 and succeeding years the Fed spent trillions. No problems came from that.
-- Today the spending by Congress and the Fed has dwarfed the response to the financial crisis. Let's be clear, that spending is NOT in response to COVID-19, it is a response to 25% unemployment, a 33% drop in the stock market, and a huge (2Q numbers are not out yet as I write this) drop in GDP.
The one thing all of these crises have in common is that they were a threat to rich people.

It's funny though, deficits don't matter to politicians when it comes to defense spending or tax cuts for their donors. Think about why that is.
126 people found this helpful
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MMT is fringe economics.

MMT teaches that it's ethical to remove the constraint of borrowing and taxation in fiscal planning.
Why worry about borrowing and taxes, just print money and all will be well, they say.
There's a reason it is illegal for individuals to print their own money; it's theft.
Recall that small towns that had a gold rush, many of the vendors servicing gold minors raised their prices
to levels that are actually on par, if not higher than, prices today, and this was in the 19th century. That happened because there was a huge influx of currency ( gold) in the immediate vicinity, which caused prices to rise. Printing money will do the same thing to a small community. It will do it to a nation, as well. Witness the hyperinflation of Germany in the 20s. It happened in Argentina, and other countries, as well.

If it's theft for you to print money, as a matter of principle, it is theft when the government does it, as well.
Sure, it's legal when the government does it, but it's theft, nevertheless, because true wealth is a resource, and you cannot create a resource out of thin air. Printing money, if continued faster than the rate of GDP, will result in inflation, and inflation is a transfer of resources ( wealth ) from those who cannot hedge to those who can hedge and the government. When the government prints money, a process called QE ( quantitative easing) in my view, it should only be done to prevent deflation, but the government does it to cause a small amount of inflation, and in my view, all inflation is bad, even a little bit. And, MMT people seem to think that removing the constraints of taxation and borrowing in fiscal planning is ethical. No, it is not. MMT is fringe economics, therefore, and should be abandoned.
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nuts

Debasing one's currency is never good over time.
57 people found this helpful
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Mitch A

Very enlightening. If you want to understand how money actually works read this book.
53 people found this helpful
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What could possible go wrong?

Monetary policy created by academics that have never owned a business and isolated in Ivory Tower, supported by billionaires disconnected from the everyday person. What could possible go wrong?
41 people found this helpful
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What if I told you...

...gravity doesn’t exist? Imagine the possibilities! Also, it only doesn’t exist in America. Because that’s how it has been in the recent past. Insane, right? Because it is.

Unfortunately, it’s also the path we have chosen, so this offers a glimpse into our future
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Dangerous future

Fantasy land novel that is meant for a dumb audience
36 people found this helpful
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Fool's Errand

I am a fan of new ideas. Any concept that helps us view the world more clearly, more accurately, more comprehensively, is useful beyond measure. Relativity- quantum theory- non-violent civil disobedience- behavioral finance- these are all major turnings of thought which have contributed mightily to human progress.

Sadly, MMT is not one of them. It is rooted in myth, fertilized by ignorance, and produces fruits that emit a decidedly bad odor. I am confident that, 50 years from now, this book will suffer the same fate as the intellectual misfires of the past, such as Mein Kampf and the constitution of the Ku Klux Klan. It won't have to be burned; it will self-ignite from lack of substance and connection to reality. I am really sad I had to spend money on it to find this out first hand. I advise you not to repeat my mistake.
23 people found this helpful